Scientific research topic

English summary: A cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 585 subjects to describe nutritional anemia status in Tay ethnic minority women age 20 – 35 in Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province. Results: The overall chronic energy deficiency rate was 16.4%, in which the corresponding proportions of mild and moderate chronic energy deficiency were 13.2% and 3.2%. The anemia prevalence was 25.5%, in which the proportions of mild and moderate anemia were 21.7% and 3.8%, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was accounted for a high proportion of 45.0%. Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency and nutritional anemia was relatively high in Tay ethnic minority’s women.

English summary: Proper diet plays a very important role in the prevention and control of increased blood uric acid level and gout disease. A study to investigate nutrition situation of people with increased level of blood uric acid and those having gout to propose appropriate interventions is needed. This study aimed to assess actual dietary intake and habits in those subjects. The study design was cross sectional and descriptive. The study subjects were 150 gout patients from 40 to 70 years old (with at least 2 acute treatment sessions), 150 normal people with normal level of blood uric acid and 50 people from 40-70 years old with increased level of blood uric acid. The results showed that the group with increased blood uric acid had a higher frequency of consuming daily and over 3 times/week the food rich in purin (such as organs, alcoholic beverage) than the normal group (p<0.05). The group with increased blood uric acid had a significantly higher average intake of fish, aqua products and alcoholic beverage than the control group (not increased blood uric acid) (p<0.05). Other than that, the intake of rice, other staple foods, meat, eggs, milk, beans, tofu, sesame/peanut, fat/oil, vegetables and fruits was not significantly different between normal group and group with increased blood uric acid. Gout patients had a higher frequency of consuming over 3 times/week the food rich in purin such as lean meat, organ, fish and aqua products, beans and peas, tofu, alcoholic beverage than the normal group (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Gout patient had a lower average daily intake of rice, meat, fat/oil than the normal group and a higher intake of fruit and the differences are significant (p<0.05). The intake of foods such as fish, aqua products, tofu, vegetables, sugar in gout patients was higher than the normal group but the differences were not significant (p>0.05). The intake of beans/peas, eggs,  milk, sesame/peanuts and acoholic beverage in gout patient was lower than the normal group, but not significantly (p>0.05).

English summary: The starch of sweet potato is in the roots. The root meat is the tissue containing starch, depending on the size and weight of the bulb, but between the layers of parenchyma cells, there are sometimes different thick and thin layers of cells. The structure of parenchymal cells is mainly cellulose, which is connected by the pectin substrate. The importance of this study is the effect of endogenous and commercial enzymes (cystolase, pectinase, and cellulase) on the breakdown of parenchymal cells leading to the release of starch granules in tuber flesh. The experiments revealed that the inherent or endogenous enzyme had no substantial effect on improving starch extraction. However, the addition of commercial enzyme was found to increase the extraction of starch considerably even at lower levels of rasping. It was found that cellulase enzyme at 0.2% (v/w) gave also more than 92.4% starch recovery.

English summary: The interaction between agricultural production, food technology, and nutrition were analyzed. Nutrition and food technology are two important factors, contributing to the growth and development of human life. A clean and sustainable agriculture is a premise to produce foods with high quality and safety, and provides notable material for food technology. The food products are really effective if they meet the nutritional needs of different target groups. Knowledge on nutrition has supported agriculture and food technology in the right direction and vice versa.

English summary: Objectives: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 30 children aged 7 – 60 months and their mothers in Quai To and Tenh Phong communes. Tuan Giao district, Dien Bien province, to describe the diet of the children and knowledge and practices on child care of their mothers. Methods: Dietary data were collected by using a 24 hours recall and information on child care knowledge and practices was collected using interview method. Results: Child energy intake was 905.0 kcal/ day and 803.0 kcal/ day in Quai To and Tenh Phong commune, respectively. Nutrients did not meet the recommended requirements, especially for iron. The ratio of P: L: G was unbalanced compared with the recommendation. About 80.0% of woman in Quai To and 6.7% of woman in Tenh Phong could name protein – rich foods; 40% of Quai To mothers knew the consequences of vitamin A deficiency and 66.7% knew the foods rich in vitamin A, while these proportions were very low in Tenh Phong. The duration of breastfeeding for the first 6 months was 6.7% in Quai To and 46.7% in Tenh Phong.

English summary: Proper diet contributes an important role in the control of increased blood uric and gout disease. This study was conducted aiming to assess the effectiveness of nutrition counseling on the changes of food intakes, disease status, bio markers and anthropometric indicators of gout patients. This is an intervention study with control group. The results showed that dietary counseling for gout patients based on available local foods has positive impacts on dietary intake changes, food choice, reduction of clinical signs as changes in blood uric acid and lipid level, and anthropometric indicators.

English summary: Aims: To describe nutritional status and anemia of girls in some secondary schools in Dien Bien and Gia Lai province in 2022. Methods: The nutritional status was classified based on height-for-age Z-score and body mass index-for-age Z-score as compared to the growth standard of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2007. Capillary hemoglobin level was analyzed using the HemoCue method, and anemia was classified according to WHO 2017 standards. Results: The prevalence of stunting was 33,6% in 2 provinces, 30,7% in Dien Bien and 36,5% in Gia Lai. The prevalence of wasting in school girls was 7,7% and the prevalence of overweight-obesity was 4,8% in 2 provinces. The prevalence of anemia among girls was 20.8% in two provinces, 18.7 in Dien Bien and 22.8 in Gia Lai. Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting in 2 provinces were at a very high level of the public health significance, the prevalence of anemia was at a mild level (Dien Bien) and was at the average (Gia Lai) of the public health significance. There needs to be appropriate interventions to improve stunting and nutritional anemia for students in areas with difficult economic conditions. References 1. Adelheid W Onyango, M.d.O., Elaine Borghi, Amani Siyam, Chizuru Nishidaa, Jonathan Siekmanna. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents.Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2007; 85:660-667. 2. Soekarjo DD, S de Pee Sd, Kusin JA, et al. Effectiveness of weekly vitamin A (10,000 IU) and iron (60 mg) supplementation for adolescent boys and girls through schools in rural and urban East Java, Indonesia. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004; 58(6): 927-937. 3. Olayinka O Omigbodun, Kofoworola I Adediran, Joshua O Akinyemi, et al. Gender and rural-urban differences in the nutritional status of in-school adolescents in south-western Nigeria.J Biosoc Sci. 2010; 42(5): 653-676. 4. Viện Dinh dưỡng. Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi theo các mức đồ, theo vùng sinh thái 2020. Truy cập tại: http://chuyentrang.viendinhduong.vn/FileUpload/Documents/Nam%202022/(2020)%20TL%20suy%20dinh%20duong%20TE%20duoi%205%20tuoi%20theo%20muc%20do,%20vung%20sinh%20thai.pdf. 5. Phạm Văn Doanh, Trần Thúy Nga, Nguyễn Song Tú và cộng sự. Tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng thể thấp còi và một số yếu tố liên quan đến trẻ gái từ 11-13 tuổi tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú tỉnh Yên Bái năm 2018.Tạp chí Y học dự phòng. 2021; 31(3): 96-102. 6. World Health Organization. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. 2011; Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85839/WHO_NMH_NHD_MNM_11.1_eng.pdf. 7. Nguyễn Song Tú, Đặc điểm nhân trắc, tình trạng vi chất dinh dưỡng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi ở học sinh 11 - 14 tuổi tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú ở một số huyện của tỉnh Điện Biên năm 2018. Báo cáo nghiệm thu đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cấp Viện, 2020. 8. Nguyễn Song Tú, Nguyễn Hồng Trường, Hoàng Văn Phương, Lê Đức Trung, Suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi ở trẻ vị thành niên 11-14 tuổi tại 5 trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú huyện Văn Chấn, Yên Bái, năm 2017.Tạp chí Y tế Công cộng, 2018( 46):53-61. 9. Truong Quang Dat, Le Nguyen Hong Giang, Nguyen Thi Tuong Loan, Vo Van Toan. The prevalence of malnutrition based on anthropometry among primary schoolchildren in Binh Dinh province, Vietnam in 2016.AIMS Public Health. 2018; 5(3):203-216. 10. Viện Dinh dưỡng - Bộ Y tế, Hội nghị công bố kết quả Tổng điều tra Dinh dưỡng toàn quốc 2019 – 2020. 11. Nguyễn Song Tú, Hoàng Nguyễn Phương Linh, Nguyễn Thúy Anh, Đỗ Thúy Lê. Tình trạng thiếu máu thiếu sắt, dự trữ sắt ở trẻ gái 11 - 13 tuổi vùng dân tộc tỉnh Yên Bái năm 2018.Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2022; 518(1).

English summary: With the aim of study about the nutrition communication’s effect on KAP of medical students and teachers of 1 to 5 years old children in poor areas of Thai Nguyen, an intervention study was carried out on 200 small children's teachers and 500 students. The results showed that:  After the intervention, the rates of good knowledge, attitude and practice have been significantly improved (p<0.05). It is recommended that: communication activities on the nutrition and primary health care should be continued and more often for the communities.

English summary: Objective: to evaluate the intake of antioxidants, namely vitamin E, beta-caroten and lycopene in the diets of Vietnamese adults in 4 geographic regions. The data will be used for further investtigation of the relationship between protective factors and lipid metabolism status. Method: 120 samples of one-day dietary portion, which are representative for adult diets in 8 provinces belong-ing to the 4 geographic regions, were randomly collected based on previous data of food  cosump-tion surveys. These samples were analyzed for vitamin E, beta-caroten and lycopen by HPLC method, using UV and fluorescent detectors. Results: The analytical data showed that the main an-tioxidants in the diet were highest in the metropolitian areas, Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City. The intake of vitamin E, lycopen, and beta-caroten in adult diets in this region were 6072.9 µg/day, 1785.0 µg/day và 896.6 µg/day, respectively. The levels of vitamin E and beta-carotene in the diet in metropolitian area were significantly higher than those in the moutaneous, sea-coast region, and plain region (non-parametric test, n=30, p<0,05). Meanwhile, the lycopene content in the diet in plain region was significantly lower than the city and moutatneous region 9n=30, p<0,05). Conclusion: The content of protective factors, antixidants including vitamin E, beta-caroten and ly-copene in the adult diet were lower than the recommended daily allowance, which revealed a possible risk of lipid metabolism status and non-communicable diseases.

English summary: Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness treatment of KENU TD capsules in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A randomized open-label clinical trial was conducted in 472 outpatients receiving drugs for type 2 diabetes. The intervention group received KENU TD capsules for 3 months (n=237). The effectiveness of KENU TD capsules on HbA1c reduction and blood glucose control was evaluated using a generalized linear model with adjustment for factors including age, gender, residence, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, insulin injection, complications, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, triglyceride at baseline and BMI change after intervention. Results: The average HbA1c decreased by 0.59% in the intervention group and decreased by 0.18% in the control group (p = 0.001). Using the product could achieve better blood glucose control (HbA1c <7 mmol/L) than not using the product with aRR (95%CI)= 0.65 (0.49-0.85). Conclusion: Using KENU TD capsules 3 months could effectively reduce HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes and increase the likelihood of achieving goal for blood glucose control. References 1. Ogurtsova K, da Rocha Fernandes JD, Huang Y, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates for the prevalence of diabetes for 2015 and 2040. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;128:40–50. 2. Gong J, Fang K, Dong H, et al. Effect of fenugreek onhyperglycaemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetes and prediabetes: Ameta-analysis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2016;194:260–268. 3. Chatterji S and Fogel D. Study of the effect of the herbal composition SR2004 on hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Integr Med Res. 2018;7(3):248–256. 4. Nguyen KT, Diep BTT, Nguyen VDK, et al. A cross-sectional study to evaluate diabetes management, control and complications in 1631 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Vietnam (DiabCare Asia). Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2020;40(1):70–7 5. Genuth S, Eastman R, Kahn R, et al. Implications of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:28-32. 6. Rawshani A, Rawshani A, Franzén S, et al. Risk Factors, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(7):633–644. 7. Guo C, Li R, Zheng N, et al. Anti-diabetic effect of ramulus mori polysaccharides, isolated from Morus alba L., on STZ-diabetic mice through blocking inflammatory response and attenuating oxidative stress. International Immunopharmacology. 2013;16(1):93–99. 8. Kim ES, Park SJ, Lee EJ, et al. (1999). Purification and characterization of Moran 20K from Morus alba. Arch Pharm Res, 22(1): 9–12.

English summary: Aims: To estimate the prevalence of diabetes, pre-diabetes, and related factors among adults in Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,424 adults aged 18–69. Age, gender, weight, height, waist circumference, venous blood glucose, and blood pressure were recorded. Results: The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes was 8.6% and 15.5%, respectively. Both diabetes and pre-diabetes increased gradually with age, BMI, and abdominal obesity with the highest rates observed in adults aged 50-59 and those with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Age, abdominal obesity, and family history of diabetes were identified as associated factors for diabetes. The likelihood of developing diabetes increased to 4.67 times for adults aged 45 years and older (95% CI: 2.38–9.16), 3.03 (95% CI: 1.57–5.87) for abdominal obesity, and 2.47 (95% CI: 1.64–3.73) for family history of diabetes. Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in Ho Chi Minh City, and preventive intervention strategies are needed to address this issue. References 1. Magliano DJ, Boyko EJ, committee IDFDAtes. IDF Diabetes Atlas. Idf diabetes atlas. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation© International Diabetes Federation, 2021; 2021. 2. Bệnh viện Nội tiết Trung ương. Báo cáo Tổng kết hoạt động năm 2012, triển khai kế hoạch năm 2013 Dự án Phòng chống đái tháo đường Quốc gia, hoạt đồng phòng chống các rối loạn thiếu hụt I ốt. Tài liệu nội bộ; 2013: 3–12. 3. Bệnh viện Nội tiết Trung ương. Tóm tắt báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học điều tra tỷ lệ đái tháo đường, tiền đái tháo đường và một số yếu tố liên quan tại Việt Nam năm 2020, (https://www.benhviennoitiet.vn/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=2147:taam-taaat-baao-caao-nghiaan-caaau-khoa-haaac-iaaau-tra-taaa-laaa-aai-thaao-aaang-tiaaan-aai-thaao-aaang-vaa-maaat-saaa-yaaau-taaa-liaan-quan-taaai-viaaat-nam-n-m-2020&Itemid=1556, truy cập ngày 4/5/2023). 4. Bộ Y tế. Khoảng 5 triệu người Việt đang mắc căn bệnh gây nhiều biến chứng về tim mạch, thần kinh, cắt cụt chi, (https://moh.gov.vn/tin-noi-bat/-/asset_publisher/3Yst7YhbkA5j/content/khoang-5-trieu-nguoi-viet-ang-mac-can-benh-gay-nhieu-bien-chung-ve-tim-mach-than-kinh-cat-cut-chi-, truy cập ngày 4/5/2023). 5. Đỗ Thị Ngọc Diệp. Thực trạng bệnh đái tháo đường týp 2 và hội chứng chuyển hóa tại TP HCM và một số yếu tố liên quan. Tạp chí Dinh dưỡng và Thực phẩm. 2012; 8(4):73-79 6. Lan HPT, Thanh DT, Lesley V. Campbell, Tuan V. Nguyen. HbA1c-Based Classification Reveals Epidemic of Diabetes and Prediabetes in Vietnam. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(7) :e93-4. doi: 10.2337/dc16-0654. 7. Bộ Y tế. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán và điều trị bệnh nội tiết chuyển hóa. Số 3879/QĐ-BYT, ngày 31/8/2010. 8. Bộ Y tế. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán và điều trị tăng huyết áp. Số 3192/ QĐ-BYT, ngày 30/9/2014. 9. Zhang M, Zhang H, Wang C. Development and Validation of a Risk-Score Model for Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study of a Rural Adult Chinese Population. PLoS One. 2016;11(4): e0152054. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152054. 10. Tôn Thất Thạnh, Đỗ Ích Thành, Nguyễn Ngọc Ánh và cộng sự. Thực trạng đái tháo đường týp 2 ở người trưởng thành từ 30 - 69 tuổi và một số yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan tại thành phố Đà Nẵng năm 2018. Tạp chí Y học cộng đồng. 2019; 5(52): 3-9 11. Tran QB, Pham TP, Nguyen TC, et al. High incidence of type 2 diabetes in a population with normal range body mass index and individual prediction nomogram in Vietnam. Diabetic Medicine.2022;39(2): e14680. doi: 10.1111/dme.14680.

English summary: The consumption of processed foods that were high in sugar, sodium and fat could contribute to the increase in the rate of nutritional-related non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, overweight, and obesity. The content of sugar, salt and fat in processed foods and non-alcoholic beverages affects the quality of people's diet. Objective: To analyze the sugar, salt, and fat content of common processed foods and non-alcoholic beverages without nutritional information on food labels sold at supermarkets and retail stores. Methods: Testing food samples. Results: Sugar content in beverage samples ranged from 3.11g to 11.59 g/100 ml, in which the highest sugar content among these samples was accounted for 23.2% of daily requirement. Salt content in foods ranged from 0.12g - 4g/100g. The sample with the highest salt was accounted for 80.0% of the daily requirement. Fat content in food samples ranged from 0.08g to 43.8 g/100g, the sample with the highest fat content in 100 g of the food was accounted for 79.6% of the daily requirement.

English summary: The study was conducted from 2008 to 2009 at the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) in Hanoi, Vietnam. Objective: to determine the content of protein, lipid, glucid, fiber and essential fatty acids in the dief of adults in four different geographic regions in Vietnam. Methods: Chemical analysis of nutritive composition in over 120 diet samples collected at the families at the Department of Food Science and Food Safety. Results: The protein, glucid, lipid and fiber contents are highest in adult diets living in big city, providing an average energy of 2129.1 Kacl  meeting 92.6% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for the Vietnamese. While diets in coastal region of mountainous, coastal, of lipid, protein and fiber. Total energy in the adult diets in the region of mountainous, coastal and plain reached only from 56.2 to 68.1% compared with Recommended Dietary Al-lowances. The contents of saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, Omega-3 and Omega-6 are highest in the diet of adults in the cities and lowest in the diet of adults in coastal region. However, the diet in the diet coastal region has highest ratio of Omega-3/lipid as well as Omega-6/lipid, and lowest in Omega-6/Omega-3 fatty acid ratio. Analysis results on dietary essential fatty acids of this study showed that the quality of lipids in the adult diet in coastal region is a good and healthy one.